Musculoskeletaldisorders are currently the most common cause of pain and chronic disability.
In surveys carried out in Canada, the USA and the Europe, the point prevalence
of physical disabilities caused by a musculoskeletal disorder is estimated at
4-5 percent of the general adult population. The prevalence is higher among
women and increases markedly with age. Moreover, the pain and physical
disability from musculoskeletal disorders affect social functioning and mental
health, and diminishes quality of life. According to the International
Classification of Diseases (ICD10) musculoskeletal disorders belong to the
category of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue.
Theyencompass a spectrum of disorders, from those of acute onset and short duration
to lifelong dysfunctions. The primary musculoskeletal dysfunctions include
osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis (principally, rheumatoid arthritis),
back pain, musculoskeletal injuries (such as sports injuries), crystal
arthritis (such as gout), and metabolic bone disease (principally
osteoporosis). Other disorders included in this category are, amongst others,
joint derangements, scoliosis, myositis, and fibromyalgia. Musculoskeletal
disorders make up two percent of the global economic disease burden. They are a
major cause of years lived with disability in all continents and economies.
Musculoskeletal complaints are the most common medical causes of long - term
absence because of sickness in developed countries. They also are common
reasons for people claiming disability pensions.
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