http://austinpublishinggroup.com/nephrology/
ESRD is prevalent disease worldwide. A major public health
problem can lead to considerable co-morbidity and mortality, and high
expenditure by health services providers. Regular HD is the commonest mode of
renal replacement treatment in comparison with peritoneal dialysis and renal
transplantation all over the world. It has been also reported by Blagg 2001,
and Habas et al. 2012 that more than 500.000 patients worldwide, and about
250.000 patients in USA were on regular HD, and most of ESRD patients have three
session of HD per week. It had been estimated that at 2010, HD-dependent patients
were about two million and at 2030, more than two million patients will be HD
dependent ESRD.
Patients on regular HD develop many complications during the
session of HD (Intradialytic), post-HD session, and have long-term
complications. The most common intradialytic complications of HD are,
hypotension, vomiting, epigastric pain, hypoglycemia, chest pain, tachycardia,
muscle cramps, cardiac arrest, shivering, hotness, epistasis, melena,
hallucination, restlessness leg, allergic reaction and jaw lock.
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