Psychoactivesubstance abuse is the third most prevalent Brazilian psychiatric disorder
affecting men and women of all ages, ages and races. This includes newborn
infants who inherit diseases and/or dependence from their mothers. According to
the Minnesota Department of Human Services individuals who are no longer able
to control the frequency with which they use psychoactive chemicals are
considered to be chemically dependent, in spite of the harmful consequences,
since these substances can alter the body, behavior and mind. Furthermore,
according to Williams and McElhiney this condition is the result of adaptations
of specific neurons to continuous exposure to one or more drugs of abuse. Thus,
psychoactive substances may induce various disorders, including intoxication,
withdrawal syndromes, delusions, psychoactive disorders, mood and sleep
disorders, dementia, anxiety disorders, memory loss and sexual dysfunction.
Inaddition to the changes caused by frequent drug use, there is a change in
eating habits and nutritional status of the user, since the use of psychoactive
substances can affect appetite and food intake or can act directly on the
metabolism of some nutrients. In addition to inadequate dietary intake,
nutrient absorption may be altered, causing nutritional deficiencies. According
to Benton, Fordy and Haller these deficiencies can disturb brain waves and
brain function.
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