Lungcancer is the leading cause of all cancer deaths in the world, whether in
developed or developing countries. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer
have made significant progress recently, however, the 5-year survival rate
remains less than 15%. According to a statistical analysis of cancer deaths in
2016 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Taiwan, the number of lung
cancer deaths increased 5.7-foldover the prior three decades; meanwhile, lung
cancer had the highest mortality rate for ten consecutive years, accounting for
25.4% of cancer deaths in 2016. It is generally believed that the particularly
highly invasive nature of lung cancer cells is responsible for the high mortality
rate of lung cancer, with nearly 90% of patient’s dying with metastasis.
Meanwhile.
despiteadvances in treatment modalities, the overall 5-year survival rate of lung
cancer patients has increased by only 4% (from 12% to 16%) over the past four
decades. Lung cancer may be subdivided into two categories: small cell lung
cancer and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), accounting for approximately 13%
and 87% of all lung cancers, respectively. NSCLC can further be divided into
three major cell types: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell
carcinoma, of which adenocarcinoma has the highest proportion, accounting for
approximately 55% of incidence.
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