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Quantitativeultrastructural cytopathology, hematopathology and histopathology have been
playing a vital role in understanding of cellular, subcellular and
extracellular components. Role of various cellular and tissue structures,
taking part in physiology and pathophysiology of diseases could be better
understood through quantitative evaluation. Optical microscopy still remains a
valid tool in diagnostic hematopathology, cytopathology and histopathology, but
has its own limitations in terms of resolution. Majority of the pathologists
never go beyond 40x objective lens that could give a resolving power of 385 nm
only. Deeper exploration at ultrastructural level complemented with
Ultrastructural Morphometry (UM) has been found to be of great help in
resolving the diagnostic issues in a variety of pathological conditions like:
renal disorders, myopathies, neuropathies, carcinomas, liver disorders, viral lesions
etc. Image analysis provides systematic means of quantitative measurements.
Statistical analysis of quantitative parameters could be used to evaluate the
correlation between survival and mortality due to a pathological malady.
Digital imaging
technology and use of image analysis software at Transmission Electron
Microscopes (TEM) have given quantitative flip to our diagnostic capabilities.
Optimal applications of ultrastructural morphometry on the acquired images
would provide us a wealth of quantitative data for diagnostic and research
pursuits. Manual Morphometry for computing the ultrastructural size using
‘Slide Guide’ ultrastructural size calculator (Dunn & Reidman, Calif, USA),
supplied by M/s Taab Laboratories, Berkshire, UK, still remains a valid method
on accurately enlarged electron micrographs. Rayat validated a new method for
ultrastructural morphometry using ‘dual axes tangential scale. Measurement of
‘Glomerular Basement Membrane Thickness’ (GBMT) is must for an accurate
diagnosis of ‘Thin Basement Membrane Disease’ (TBMD). Rayat et al. exhibited
the role of ultrastructural morphometry in ascertaining a cut-off value of GBMT
in Indian adults following the footsteps of Steffes et al. and Jensen et al.
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