Thepurpose of this study is to identify the differences in mortality due to type 2
diabetes (T2D), the increase of overweight and obesity in the different regions
of Italy and their relation with change in dietary patterns within the
framework of some economic indicators. In Italy in 2015, the
total adult population (1000s) (20-79 years) were 44,704; the prevalence of
diabetes in adults (20-79 years) was 7.9%. The number of deaths in adults due
to this disease was 22,226. Cost per person with diabetes (USD) was 3,450.1.
The number of undiagnosed cases of this disease in adults was (1000s) 1,324.3.
According to the International Diabetes
Federation (IDF) the overall prevalence of T2D in 2015 was 8.8%, of which
approximately 75% were people living in low and middle-income countries. The
fastest increase of cases occurred in regions where the economy moved from low
to middle-income. In low and middle-income regions, the number of people with
diabetes will increase 150% over the next 25 years. Moreover, 318 million
people live with impaired glucose worldwide. The IDF calculated that in the same
year about 46.5% (193 million) patients were undiagnosed worldwide and one in
seven births was affected by gestational diabetes. The disease caused 5 million
deaths and resulting in 673 billion
dollars being spent on care.
In
2015, 415 million people had diabetes worldwide. More than 59.8 million of
those were in the EUR Region and over 3.5 million cases (adults 20-79 years)
were in Italy. In this regard, structural social
determinants should be considered, covering a wide and complex combination of
socio-economic conditions and interacting cultural and other environmental
elements. The conditions in which the population is born, grows, lives, works,
and ages, as well as the type of systems used to combat the disease are those
that determine inequality and social inequity. Political and economic forces in
each region in turn influence these conditions. Analysis of health problems
using social determinants is a framework of reference for research in various
areas of public health and epidemiology. The field of knowledge and purpose of
the DSS is to analyze inequities in the distribution of social goods and how
avoidable inequalities are manifested in the state of health of social groups. Economic
development has led to greater availability and diversity of the food in almost
all countries and a gradual decree in food shortages, resulting in nutritional
condition. There have also been improved living standards and increased access
to services. However, these improvements differ between countries with low,
medium and high income and between population groups within each country.
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