The Association of Body Mass Index with Malocclusion in Children - A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis

Introduction: The relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental malocclusion remains uncertain. This systematic review aims to assess the link between BMI and malocclusion in children and adolescents. Sources of Data and Study Selection: Through electronic and manual searches up to August 2021, 1002 records were found, with 610 screened after removing duplicates. Eight studies were included in qualitative synthesis, and four in quantitative analysis. Malocclusion types, including crossbite, spacing, and crowding, were key review outcomes. The NIH quality assessment tool was used for bias assessment. This review encompassed eight studies involving 4128 children. Pooled analysis demonstrated significantly larger spacing in normal BMI children compared to those with low BMI. No significant difference was found in crossbite prevalence [1.33 (0.42, 4.25), p=0.63, I2=0%, p=0.85]. A quality assessment revealed four good-quality studies and the rest with poor/ fair quality. Conclusion: The impact of BMI on childhood malocclusion remains debated. Current research lacks consistent evidence linking BMI to malocclusion. To progress, future studies need standardized classifications and robust evaluation of confounding factors. This approach will strengthen understanding and guide effective interventions. Clinical Significance: Despite extensive research, the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental malocclusion remains unclear, highlighting the complexity of this relationship. This systematic review suggests that normal BMI children tend to exhibit larger spacing between teeth compared to those with low BMI. Understanding such associations can aid in early detection and intervention strategies for malocclusion in children and adolescents.

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Content Details:-

Corresponding author: Kusum Singal*

Full Length Article: The Association of Body Mass Index with Malocclusion in Children - A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis

Journal: Austin Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology

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