Prevalence of Vitamin A and D Deficiencies in Children Under Five in South Asia and Africa: A Narrative Review

 

Micronutrient deficiencies, specifically in vitamins A and D, continue to pose significant public health challenges in South Asia and Africa. This narrative review highlights alarming prevalence rates among children under five in these regions.

Key Findings:

• Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD):

  • South Asia exhibits the highest burden, with Afghanistan (49.3%), Maldives (43.8%), and Pakistan (37%) reporting severe prevalence.
  • In Africa, Mozambique (71.2%), Zambia (56%), and Morocco (40.9%) lead in VAD cases.

• Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD):

  • Prevalence among children in South Asia reaches concerning levels, particularly in Sri Lanka (93%), Nepal (91%), and Afghanistan (81%).
  • Africa shows widespread deficiency, with some regions like Tunisia reporting rates as high as 89.66% in newborns.

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Conclusion:

Urgent action is required to strengthen vitamin A supplementation programs and implement robust strategies to combat hidden hunger. Addressing these deficiencies is critical to improving health outcomes for the most vulnerable populations.

For more insights and in-depth data, read the full article.

Content Details:-

Corresponding author: : Abdul Jaleel

Full Length Article: Prevalence of Vitamin A and D Deficiencies in ChildrenUnder Five in South Asia and Africa: A Narrative Review

Journal: International Journal of Nutritional Sciences

Disclaimer: This content is not owned or created by us. It has been sourced from the respective site, Austin Publishing Group, and is intended purely for study and educational purposes. All rights belong to the original authors and publishers.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real-World Efficacy of Faricimab in Treatment Resistant Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A 12 Month Cohort Study

Faricimab, the first bispecific anti-VEGF agent, shows promise in managing treatment-resistant neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). This retrospective 12-month study analyzed 191 eyes from 156 patients at Salisbury District Hospital, UK, focusing on anatomical and functional outcomes.

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Patients experienced significant central subfield thickness (CST) reduction, while Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) remained stable. Faricimab allowed extended injection intervals, reducing treatment burdens for patients and caregivers.

These findings highlight Faricimab's potential as a viable alternative for persistent AMD cases. Long-term studies are necessary to assess the durability of these results.

Read the full study for deeper insights!

Content Details:-

Corresponding author: : Evans W, Department of Ophthalmology, Salisbury District Hospital, Odstock Road, Salisbury, UK.

Full Length Article: Real-World Efficacy of Faricimab in Treatment ResistantNeovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A 12Month Cohort Study

Journal: Austin Ophthalmology

Disclaimer: This content is not owned or created by us. It has been sourced from the respective site, Austin Publishing Group, and is intended purely for study and educational purposes. All rights belong to the original authors and publishers.

Economic Analysis of the Juice and Concentrate Industry: (A Case Study of East and West Azerbaijan)

The juice and concentrate industry plays a crucial role in meeting the growing demand for natural beverages. A recent study focused on identifying and analyzing key bottlenecks affecting this industry in East and West Azerbaijan provinces, using surveys and advanced decision-making methods like DEMETEL and DANP.

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Key findings revealed that product costs, specialized human resources, inflation, packaging, and raw material expenses are the most significant challenges. Addressing these issues through strategic planning, improved management, and technological innovation is essential for optimizing industry operations and maintaining competitiveness in global markets.

This research emphasizes the importance of streamlining processes and adopting efficient strategies to tackle these bottlenecks, ensuring long-term sustainability and growth.

Read the full article to dive deeper into the solutions and implications for the juice and concentrate sector.

Content Details:-

Corresponding author: Rahim Dabbagh*; Babak Kouhileilan

Full Length Article: Economic Analysis of the Juice and Concentrate Industry: (A Case Study of East and West Azerbaijan)

Journal: Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences

Disclaimer: This content is not owned or created by us. It has been sourced from the respective site, Austin Publishing Group, and is intended purely for study and educational purposes. All rights belong to the original authors and publishers.

Children Theophylline Toxicity: Case Report

Introduction:-
Theophylline, a bronchodilator, has been widely used for respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD. Despite its declining use due to safer alternatives, theophylline toxicity remains a concern, particularly in pediatric cases, as it can lead to severe complications such as seizures, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular instability.

Case Report:-
A 5-year-old girl presented with theophylline toxicity after ingesting 2000 mg, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, and a generalized seizure. Despite initial outpatient management, her condition worsened, requiring intensive care. The child experienced tachycardia, hypotension, metabolic disturbances, and cerebral edema. Management included seizure control with midazolam, hemodynamic stabilization, and treatment for infectious complications. The patient recovered without lasting neurological deficits.

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Conclusion:-
This case highlights the critical importance of prompt and multidisciplinary management of theophylline toxicity. Preventive measures, such as keeping medications out of children’s reach, are essential. Early interventions, including activated charcoal and supportive care, can significantly improve outcomes in such cases.

Content Details:-

Corresponding author: Benani Mohame 

Full Length Article: Children Theophylline Toxicity: Case Report

Journal: Austin Journal of Clinical Case Reports

Disclaimer: This content is not owned or created by us. It has been sourced from the respective site, Austin Publishing Group, and is intended purely for study and educational purposes. All rights belong to the original authors and publishers.